Study carefully the diagram below and use it to answer questions (a) to (i).
Study carefully the diagram below and use it to answer questions (a) to (i).
a) Provide a suitable title for the setup.
ANSWER:
- Determination of the presence of soil invertebrates in the soil.
b) Name the parts labelled I to V
ANSWER:
- I: bulb cover/metal reflector
- II: smooth-sided funnel
- III: stem of the funnel
- IV: beaker
- V: ethanol
c) State the functions of the parts labelled I, II, V, and VI.
ANSWER:
- I: reflects heat downwards
- II: provides a smooth surface for organisms to slip downwards
- V: preserves the organisms
- VI: holds the soil
d) Name the main equipment in the diagram
ANSWER:
- Tullgren funnel
e) State the characteristics of the organisms for which the equipment is used.
ANSWER:
- Small in size
- Avoid light
- Love cool places
- Love moist soil.
f) Give two ecological importance of the organisms for which the equipment is used.
ANSWER:
- Aeration of the soil by burrowing activity
- Improves the drainage of the soil
- Formation of humus
g) Describe how the setup is used.
ANSWER:
- Put a fresh garden soil in the gauze/sieve in a Tullgren funnel
- Switch a 40-watt electric bulb in a metal reflector above the soil in the funnel.
- Place a beaker containing 70% ethanol beneath the funnel.
- Move the bulb 5cm towards the soil every 2 hours until it is 5cm from the soil sample
- Leave the apparatus for 2 days/few days.
- Soil invertebrates move downwards and fall through the sieve into the beaker, which contains ethanol beneath.
- The organisms are counted
h) Name four organisms that can be found in this sampling
ANSWER:
- Ant,
- termite,
- earthworm,
- beetle,
- spider,
- centipede,
- millipede
i) List three other instruments that can be used to collect organisms for study in a terrestrial habitat.
ANSWER:
- Pooter,
- sweep net
- butterfly net
